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PilotSchool Knowledge Base

Identifying Circuit Positions

The circuit pattern is a critical component of aerodrome operations, especially for aspiring pilots preparing for the CASA PPL pilot license theory exam. This section will explore each position within the circuit pattern and highlight their roles during the takeoff and landing phases. Understanding these positions is vital for safe and efficient flight operations.

Circuit Positions

1. Cross-wind Leg

  • Definition: The cross-wind leg is flown perpendicular to the takeoff and landing runway, immediately following the takeoff leg.
  • Description:
    • Occurs after the initial climb out from the runway.
    • Transitions the aircraft safely away from the departure path into the circuit pattern.
    • Generally executed by initiating a climbing turn at about 500 to 750 feet above ground, depending on the guidance followed.

2. Dead Side of the Circuit

  • Definition: The dead side of the circuit refers to the side of the circuit pattern opposite to the active circuit where no aircraft operate, usually for safety reasons.
  • Description:
    • Acts as a safety buffer zone.
    • Used by aircraft joining the circuit to descend to the circuit altitude.
    • Provides separation and space for aircraft preparing to enter the live circuit pattern.

3. Downwind Leg

  • Definition: This leg is flown parallel to the landing runway, in the opposite direction to landing.
  • Description:
    • Allows the pilot to execute key pre-landing checks.
    • The aircraft is usually configured for the subsequent descent phases (Circuit Procedures | CASA).
    • Flown at circuit height, typically 1000 feet above ground level, maintaining a safe distance from the runway.

4. Upwind Leg

  • Definition: Flown parallel and adjacent to the takeoff runway, in the same direction as takeoff.
  • Description:
    • Conducted immediately after takeoff and prior to the crosswind turn.
    • Acts as an extension of the runway departure path, crucial for maintaining safety during the initial climb.
    • Provides an opportunity for pilots to verify and adjust the aircraft’s climb performance and heading.

5. Base Leg

  • Definition: The base leg is flown at a right angle to the approach end of the landing runway.
  • Description:
    • Sets up the aircraft for the turn to the final approach.
    • Involves reducing airspeed and making any final landing configuration adjustments (Flight Circuit Guide | CASA).
    • A radio call is typically made before turning onto the final approach to ensure situational awareness among nearby aircraft.

Conclusion

Understanding each component of the aerodrome circuit pattern is fundamental for pilot training and enhances flight safety. The structured flow of circuit positions, from cross-wind to base leg, provides a consistent approach to managing takeoff and landing phases effectively. Mastery of these positions ensures pilots are well-prepared to handle various traffic scenarios, maintain safe separations, and execute efficient flight operations.

By focusing on these elements, pilots can safely and confidently operate within the aerodrome environment, whether in controlled or non-controlled airfields.