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PilotSchool Knowledge Base

Emergency and Failure Procedures

This section focuses on understanding the operation of aeronautical radio systems in relation to routine fault finding and correction, radio failure procedures, and the distinction between distress and emergency messages. These topics are crucial for pilots aiming to meet the theoretical requirements for the Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) Recreational Pilot License (RPL).

Routine Fault Finding and Correction in Aeronautical Radio Operations

Fault-Finding Procedures

Effective routine fault finding and correction are essential skills for maintaining reliable aircraft communication. Pilots should:

  • Perform Necessary Radio Failure Procedures: Engage in standard protocols when radio failures occur, such as checking equipment settings and ensuring correct frequency usage.
  • Basic Fault-Finding Techniques: Employ simple diagnostics to identify and remedy issues without specialized tools. These include:
    • Ensuring volume is set appropriately.
    • Verifying correct frequency and mode settings.
    • Checking power sources and connections.

Reporting and Rectifying Problems

  • Prompt Reporting: Identify and report communication system issues to maintenance personnel or air traffic services (ATS) as needed.
  • Corrective Actions: Implement immediate fixes where possible, such as reset or switch equipment.

For more details, refer to AVIE0001 Operate aeronautical radio - Training.gov.

Radio Failure Procedures from ERSA

General Communication Failure Procedures

Pilots must be prepared to execute the correct procedures in the event of a radio failure:

  1. Radio Failure Squawk Code: Use transponder code 7600 to indicate radio communication failure.

  2. In All Airspaces:

    • Maintain terrain clearance.
    • Conduct equipment checks.

  3. VFR in Class G Airspace:

    • Stay in VMC and announce intentions using “TRANSMITTING BLIND”.
    • Land at the nearest suitable aerodrome.

  4. Controlled/Restricted Airspace or IFR:

    • VMC: Stay visual and proceed to land.
    • IMC: Follow last ATC clearance, adjust as necessary.

Visual Communication Using Light Signals

  • Steady Green: Cleared to land/take off.
  • Steady Red: Stop.
  • Flashing Signals: Indicate specific actions such as return or airfield safety.

For more specific procedures, review the Aircraft Emergency Procedures - Airservices Australia.

Distress vs. Emergency Messages

Definitions and Distinctions

  • Uncertainty Phase (INCERFA): Initial concerns about an aircraft’s safety.
  • Alert Phase (ALERFA): Confirmed apprehension regarding safety.
  • Distress Phase (DETRESFA): High probability of grave danger requiring immediate help.

Standard Phrases

  • Distress (MAYDAY): Used in situations of grave and imminent danger.
  • Emergency (PAN-PAN): Indicates an urgent situation that is not immediately life-threatening but requires attention.

Effective communication during these phases involves precise standard phrase usage to ensure clarity and prompt response. More details can be found in the Global Aeronautical Distress and Safety System - ICAO.

This section provides the foundational knowledge necessary for operating aeronautical radios effectively, adhering to CASA standards, and ensuring safe aircraft communication under various scenarios.